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Pros and Cons of Drug Testing.

One of the basic requirements of a workplace is a healthy environment. Standard employers take many steps to ensure the same. This includes a clean workplace, hygienic washrooms, a hygienic code of conduct viz. guidelines regarding disposal of wastes and the like. Try as they may, well meaning employers may still not be able to prevent certain deviatory tendencies on the part of their employees. The most serious of these tendencies, arguably of course, is consumption of drugs / narcotics by the employees. This issue has been on the forefront ever since the US legislators passed the Drug Free Workplace Act in 1988.

The main objective behind a Drug Test is to have a healthy work place. Drug abuse by employees can lead to under performance, aggressive and at times violent behavior, prolonged absence from workplace, consistent lagging behind the rest of the team in matters related to work and other such related problems. This disturbs the entire working cycle and at times even the working culture of the organization. The effects are not very difficult to guess: declining revenues and demoralization of the remaining workforce. A drug test is designed to prevent all this from happening.

However, there is a downside. Drug tests are not entirely reliable – most of them have limitations that can defeat the very purpose of subjecting employees to these tests. Furthermore, there isn’t much of a difference between the performance of drug users and non users. This was revealed by a Postal Service Study, which juxtaposed the attendance records and job keeping ability of the two groups. Drug users have a 93.4% attendance compared to 95.8% of non users. Next, 85% of drug users kept their jobs compared to 89.5% non users who did the same.

Let us now examine the limitations of the drug testing methods:

Urine Testing cannot reveal the time or amount of drug consumed – it can only detect the presence or absence of a certain drug.

Saliva Testing can detect drugs consumed within the past few days only.

Hair Testing is a long term testing method – it cannot detect drugs consumed within one week before the test.

Blood Testing is the most reliable of tests and, in combination with urine test, is probably the most formidable of drug tests. However even this is not tamper proof.
What is noteworthy is that many over – the – counter drugs contain chemicals classified as drugs. Their consumption can lead to being tested positive, even if their consumption was for a positive purpose.

Finally, many techniques enable drug users to clear drug tests making the whole exercise a mockery.